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What is Ophthalmology ?

Ophthalmology is a branch of medicine dealing with the anatomy, physiology and diseases of the eye. All evaluations that purport to diagnose eye disease should be carried out by a physician. An ophthalmologist is a doctor of medicine who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the eye, in addition to diagnosing systemic disease that manifest in eye signs or symptoms. Since ophthalmologists perform operations on eyes, they are considered to be both surgical and medical specialists.
The word ‘ophthalmology’ comes from the Greek roots ‘ophthalmos’, meaning eye and ‘logos’ meaning word, thought, or discourse. Ophthalmology literally means the science of eyes. Ophthalmology treatment in India is one of the world’s best. Trained medical practitioners study and practice this branch of medicine in top hospitals of the country. 

 

 

Ophthalmology Treatments in india:

Using state-of-the-art technology, Ophthalmology treatments in India cover numerous eye conditions, including cataracts, retinal diseases, glaucoma and other vision related disorders. The most common treatments of Ophthalmology in India are:

  • Anterior Segment Surgery
  • Retinal Ophthalmology – emphasis on LASER treatment of the retina and actual retinal surgery
  • Cataracts – not usually considered a subspecialty per se, since most general ophthalmologists perform cataract surgery
  • Cornea, Ocular Surface and External Disease
  • Glaucoma
  • Medical Retina deals with treatment of retinal problems through non-surgical means
  • Neuro-ophthalmology
  • Ocular Oncology
  • Oculoplastics & Orbit Surgery
  • Ophthalmic Pathology
  • Pediatric Ophthalmology/Strabismus (mis-alignment of the eyes)
  • Refractive Surgery
  • Uveitis
  • Immunology
  • Vitreo-retinal Surgery deals with surgical management of retinal and posterior segment diseases and disorders
  • Medical Retina and Vitreo-retinal Surgery sometimes together called posterior segment sub specialization sub-specialisation.

When to see an ophthalmologist?

People need to see an ophthalmologist when they witness chronic or severe vision symptoms or signs, such as:

  • bulging eyes
  • misaligned eyes
  • reduced, distorted, blocked, or double vision
  • eyelid abnormalities or problems
  • seeing colored circles or halos around lights
  • excessive tearing
  • floaters in the field of view
  • seeing flashes of light
  • redness in the eyes
  • loss of peripheral vision
  •  

Surgery is needed if the symptoms look like:

  • sudden vision loss or changes
  • sudden or severe eye pain
  • eye injury

A person should see an ophthalmologist, if they have conditions that can raise the risk of eye conditions, such as:

  • high blood pressure
  • diabetes
  • HIV
  • Thyroid
  • a family history of eye conditions

The elderly are also at risk of eye-related injuries. So, if you are over 40, you should visit an ophthalmologist to know the baseline of your eye health. Even healthy individuals can experience severe eye conditions that are difficult to detect.

 

Ophthalmology Versus Optometry:

Ophthalmology and Optometry are two different branches of medicine concerning the human eyes. Both have similarities but are not to be confused with each other as they have their differences.

An Optometrist works in the field of sight testing, diagnosing, correcting and treatment of vision changes. Basically, an Optometrist is an eye health care professional and not a medical doctor. The study of the field of optometry involves performing different vision and eye care tests, detecting certain eye abnormalities, prescribes for several eye care diseases and dispensing and prescribing corrective lenses. While an ophthalmologist is a certified medical doctor treating vision and eye care. An ophthalmologist differs from opticians and optometrists in terms of training and treatment. An Ophthalmologist has completed the full training medical program and is licensed to perform surgery and medicine.

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Ophthalmology Treatments in india

Using state-of-the-art technology, Ophthalmology treatments in India cover numerous eye conditions, including cataracts, retinal diseases, glaucoma and other vision related disorders. The most common treatments of Ophthalmology in India are:

  • LASIK Surgery
  • Vitrectomy
  • Cataract
  • INTACS
  • Retinoblastoma
  • Cornea
  • Glaucoma
  • Refractive errors
  • Occuloplasty
  • Cornea
  • IOL
  • Ptosis correction surgery
  • Pediatric Opthalmology

Other eye surgery in india

  • Oculoplastic and Orbit
  • Cornea transplant
  • Pterygium removal surgery
  • Eye muscle surgery
  • Diabetic retinopathy
  • Retinal surgery
  • Cornea and refractive surgery

Cataract Surgery in India

A cataract is a case of blurred vision which is caused by clouding of the normally clear lens. A person with cataract feels like he is looking through a fogged up or frosty window. The problems become more obvious as the person ages and a drawback is that it cannot be treated with the help of optical or contact lenses. In such a case, a cataract surgery needs to be done where the affected lens is replaced with an artificial lens.


Post-Cataract Operation Treatment in india

During the surgical treatment of cataract, the clouded lens is removed and replaced with an artificial one without affecting the external half of the lens, the capsular bag. In some cases, natural cell growth may cause clouding of the posterior part of the capsular bag leading to a secondary cataract. It is painless, harmless and can be removed with a special laser treatment. However, the patient needs to follow certain rules of behavior after the eye operation for faster recovery of the sight.

  • Avoid driving in the first twenty-four hours of the operation.
  • Do not involve in excessive physical exertion for the first few days.
  • Remember to not rub or press on the eye.
  • Do not miss medical follow-up appointments.
  • Take the prescribed medicines according to instructions.
  • Ensure that the eyes don’t come in contact with soap, water or shampoo during your      daily hygiene routine.
  • Avoid using any additional eyewear.
  • Use an eye shield when you sleep.

Cornea transplant in India

Also known as corneal grafting, it is a surgery to restore the vision of a person who has a diseased or damaged cornea. There are two types of cornea transplant, i.e., when only a part of the cornea, known as lamellar keratoplasty, or the entire cornea is replaced also known as penetrating keratoplasty. The surgery is undertaken when the eyeglasses or contact lens are unable to provide a better vision.


Glaucoma Treatment in India

Glaucoma is a group of eye disorders that directly harm the optic nerve that connects the eye to the brain. It is also known as the silent thief of sight because most of its types cause no pain in the eye or show symptoms until there is a detectable vision loss. The surgical procedure for Glaucoma is one where the damaged ocular structures are repaired by stabilizing or reducing intraocular pressure. Eye drops aimed at lowering IOP (intraocular pressure) are the first option to treat this kind of disorder. In case that doesn’t work, surgery is opted to reduce the production of intraocular fluid.


Lasik- Laser Refraction

It is a surgical procedure performed to correct vision problems like hyperopia, myopia, and astigmatism. The surgery is usually painless where the doctor reshapes the cornea so that it accepts the light and be more focused on the retina for better vision.


Macular Degeneration Surgery in india

Macular degeneration is deterioration of the macula, the central part of the retina which is responsible for visual acuity. It is an age-related issue which is also the primary reason for the loss of vision. The health of the macula is very important for any visual task that requires to see fine details. Macular degeneration is diagnosed as dry macular degeneration & wet macular degeneration. Surgery prevents vision loss.


Phacoemulsification with IOL Implantation

It is a surgical procedure in which the lens fibers that form the cortex and nucleus of the cataract are removed, leaving the posterior epithelial capsule to support the new artificial intraocular lens (IOL). It also keeps the vitreous humor away from the anterior chamber.


Ptosis surgery in india

Ptosis refers to the dropping of the upper eyelid over the eye. Some of the causes of ptosis are aging, trauma, or variations in medications. However, children and adults both can have ptosis. The same can be treated by ptosis surgery in which the doctor tightens the levator muscle or attach the eyelid to any other muscle that can lift the eyelid.


Retinal detachment in india

Retinal detachment is a case in which the retina detaches or pulls away from a layer of blood vessels that provide the required nourishment and oxygen. Although it is painless, one can notice symptoms like blurred vision, floating objects, a slight shadow to name a few. Retinal detachment can be treated by pneumatic retinopexy, scleral buckle surgery, or vitrectomy.


Squint treatment in india

Also known as strabismus, it is a condition in which the eyes do not align or look in the same direction. While one eye focuses at one point, the other turns upwards, downwards, inwards or outwards. Squint can be treated by doing eye exercises or wearing glasses. Surgical treatments are done on the extraocular muscle to realign the eyes.


Vitrectomy surgery in india

This surgery is done for the removal of vitreous humor from the eye. During the surgery, the doctor will repair the retina, remove the scar tissue which is tearing the retina and causing problems in vision. Along with that, the doctor will remove the vitreous gel and replace it with saline water.


Vitrectomy + Retinal Detachment

Retinal detachment is a condition in which the retina detaches from its normal position and floats inside the eye, causing blindness. Doctors perform vitrectomy to reattach the retina, further sucking and removing the inner jelly. The scar tissue is removed by membranectomy and the retina is attached again by photocoagulation.


Why India is preferred destination for eye surgery:

Eye surgeons in India are highly-skilled and provide expert consultation, accurate and early diagnosis and management of various problems related to eyes. There are hospitals in India which deal with ophthalmology related problems. These eye hospitals and the ophthalmology department in multispeciality hospitals are well designed to render a comprehensive range of surgical and medical eye care for preservation, protection, restoration and enhancement of vision for all aged patients. Most importantly, Indian hospitals provide all kinds of treatment for eye problems at very affordable prices in comparison to other developed countries.


What are the different types of refractive surgeries?

Refractive errors are caused when the cornea is not shaped perfectly and can cause a blurred vision. To correct refractive errors there are different types of surgeries that can be performed including;

  • LASIK
  • Radial keratotomy
  • Laser thermal keratoplasty
  • Intracorneal ring
  • Conductive keratoplasty
  • Photorefractive keratectomy
  • Astigmatic keratotomy
  • Automated lamellar keratoplasty

When should you see an ophthalmologist?

You can visit an ophthalmologist for a regular checkup and for eye conditions like cataract or glaucoma or for other conditions that can occur due to diabetes. Compared to an optometrist, an ophthalmologist holds more advanced medical training.


What is the best treatment for glaucoma?

Glaucoma is a set of eye disorders that can harm the optic nerves which are crucial for a healthy vision. Treatment for glaucoma includes;

  • Eye drops: This helps to lower eye pressure. Depending on the severity of your condition and how low the eye pressure has to be, the eyedrop will be prescribed.
  • Laser therapy
  • Filtering surgery
  • Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery

Why India is preferred destination for eye surgery:

Eye surgeons in India are highly-skilled and provide expert consultation, accurate and early diagnosis and management of various problems related to eyes. There are hospitals in India which deal with ophthalmology related problems. These eye hospitals and the ophthalmology department in multispeciality hospitals are well designed to render a comprehensive range of surgical and medical eye care for preservation, protection, restoration and enhancement of vision for all aged patients. Most importantly, Indian hospitals provide all kinds of treatment for eye problems at very affordable prices in comparison to other developed countries.

Best Hospitals in India

 Manipal Hospial Dwarka

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Dr. Rela Institute Medical Centre

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Jaslok Hospital

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W Pratiksha Hospital

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Sanar Hospital

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Fortis Memorial Research Institute

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Max Hospital

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BLK Hospital

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Medanta Hospital

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Artemis Hospital

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Apollo Hospital

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